# Translation Findings — 佛教徒的人生态度

{% Full review of bilingual.dj (323 paragraphs, DOCX English as target). %}

## A. Missing Content (Critical)

Translation truncated mid-paragraph. CN paragraphs fully drafted in earlier sections, suggesting these were cut short.

### A1. Line 66–67 — Missing 兴趣/先天后天/责任感

CN covers: perception → looking back → 兴趣是最好的老师 → 先天因素（过去生积累）+ 后天培养 → 责任感使命感
EN stops after first two sentences.

### A2. Line 123–124 — Missing Jianzhen quote and conclusion

EN stops at "became the founding patriarch of the Vinaya School in Japan."
Missing: rhetorical question, Jianzhen's quote "传法事大，浩淼大海何足为惧", and paragraph conclusion.

### A3. Line 231–232 — Missing nirvana discussion

EN stops at "any worldly happiness is only a brief relief from suffering, fleeting and impermanent."
Missing: entire nirvana discussion, root of suffering, illness metaphor.

### A4. Line 237–238 — Missing Liang Qichao quote

EN stops at "a lifelong commitment that extends endlessly into the future."
Missing: rhetorical climax and Liang Qichao on the bodhisattva spirit.

### A5. Line 303–304 — Missing three Chan poems

EN ends with colon suggesting poems follow. Three Chan poems absent. Also missing paragraph conclusion about young people fearing Buddhism.

### A6. Line 462–463 — Missing Buddha's motivation

EN ends at "can we do so without regret?"
Missing: Buddha witnessing suffering, seeking truth, and the question about what Buddhism means by contemplating death.

### A7. Line 468–469 — Missing Confucius/Western philosophers

EN: single short sentence. Missing: Confucius quote, Western philosophers, and the link between understanding death and life perspective.

### A8. Line 519–520 — Missing rarity of human birth

EN stops at "Shakyamuni Buddha attained enlightenment here in the human world—not in a heavenly one."
Missing: the fingernail-dirt analogy and discussion of why human realm is ideal for practice.

### A9. Line 558–559 — Missing Medicine Buddha Sutra content

EN: single sentence. Missing: entire Medicine Buddha Sutra discussion about meeting material needs, healing illness, and end-of-life care.

### A10. Line 597–598 — Missing end-of-life care continuation

EN ends mid-paragraph. Missing: "所以多数人并没有十分的把握..." and the rest of the end-of-life care discussion.

### A11. Line 657–658 — Missing pure wealth discussion

EN ends after first sentence. Missing: discussion of career choice, precepts, and the relationship between right livelihood and practice.

### A12. Line 660–661 — Missing Diamond Sutra merit comparison

EN missing: the detailed seven-comparison passage from the Diamond Sutra about merit.

---

## B. Grammar

### B1. Line 55 — Subject-verb agreement

```
- being proactive seem positive
+ being proactive seems positive
```

### B2. Line 205 — Parallel structure

```
- find the value of life or understanding the purpose of living
+ find the value of life or understand the purpose of living
```

### B3. Line 292 — Subject-verb agreement

```
- pessimism easily lead to despair
+ pessimism easily leads to despair
```

### B4. Line 394 — Missing space after comma

```
- Dependent Origination,Sentient beings
+ Dependent Origination, sentient beings
```

### B5. Line 493 — Missing auxiliary verb

```
- the Buddha inspired to pursue
+ the Buddha was inspired to pursue
```

### B6. Line 502 — Wrong phrasing

```
- lose their part to guide the public
+ lose their role in guiding the public
```

### B7. Line 517 — Wrong participle

```
- heavenly beings are only indulged in pleasures
+ heavenly beings are only indulging in pleasures
```

### B8. Line 526 — Word order

```
- but do deeply we understand
+ but do we deeply understand
```

### B9. Line 613 — Missing word

```
- and say that neglect their parents
+ and say that they neglect their parents
```

### B10. Line 643 — Redundant "both"

```
- both in both China and abroad
+ both in China and abroad
```

### B11. Line 676 — Subject-verb agreement

```
- community ... actively engage
+ community ... actively engages
```

### B12. Line 877 — Missing conjunction

```
- like glue, binds people together
+ like glue that binds people together
```

### B13. Line 901 — Missing "but"

```
- not only ... and should also
+ not only ... but also
```

### B14. Line 985 — Redundant wording

```
- identified its root causes of it
+ identified its root causes
```

---

## C. Word Choice

### C1. Line 31 — "Cherish life or face death"

CN: 重生还是重死 = "focus on/value life or focus on/value death". "Face death" implies confronting death, not weighing it heavily. Consider: "Focus on life or on death."

### C2. Line 742 — Spelling

```
- Chan adobe
+ Chan abode
```

### C3. Line 820 — "cynicism" for 厌世

CN: 厌世 = world-weariness / pessimism toward life. "Cynicism" (犬儒主义) has different connotations in English.

### C4. "ordination" vs "renunciation" for 出家

Mixed usage throughout. Lines 226, 229, 235, 814, 817 use "ordination" (correct). Other sections use "renunciation." Standardize to "ordination."

### C5. Line 988 — Terminology inconsistency

"Twelvefold Dependent Arising" here vs "Twelve Links of Dependent Origination" elsewhere (line 886 etc.). Standardize.

---

## D. Chapter Numbering

### D1. Line 844 — Wrong Roman numeral

```
- VI. To Love or Not to Love?
+ VII. To Love or Not to Love?
```

### D2. Line 994 — Chapter mismatch

CN: 九、结束语. EN: VIII. Conclusion. Should be IX.

---

## E. PDF Typeset vs DOCX Manuscript — Substantive Differences

The typeset PDF (二排) contains editorial changes not in the DOCX manuscript.
These are documented for reference; which version is authoritative must be decided.

### E1. "ordination" → "renunciation" (×3)

DOCX: "ordination" / "Ordination" / "True ordination"
PDF: "renunciation" / "Renunciation" / "True renunciation"
CN: 出家. Standard translation is "ordination."

### E2. "arising, abiding, emptying" → "forming, existing, vanishing"

DOCX: "arising, abiding, decaying, and emptying"
PDF: "forming, existing, decaying, and vanishing"
CN: 成住坏空. Both are non-standard; standard is "formation, existence, decay, emptiness."

### E3. "Arising," → "Origination,"

Context: "Arising, abiding, changing, and ceasing" → "Origination, abiding, changing, and ceasing"

### E4. "Attitude" → "Attitudes" (×3 in title)

DOCX: "The Life Attitude of Buddhists" in some places
PDF: "The Life Attitudes of Buddhists" throughout

### E5. "renouncing the world" → "pessimistic toward life"

DOCX: "view Buddhism as renouncing the world"
PDF: "view it as pessimistic toward life"
CN: 厌世

### E6. "cynicism" → "pessimism toward life"

DOCX: "while cynicism is passive and negative"
PDF: "while pessimism toward life is passive and negative"
CN: 厌世

### E7. "being aimless" → "who feel"

DOCX: "young people being aimless, hopeless"
PDF: "young people who feel aimless and hopeless"
CN: 没有目标

### E8. "suffice. Its" → "be enough. That relief loses its"

DOCX: "no amount of temporary relief will suffice. Its effectiveness diminishes"
PDF: "no amount of temporary relief will be enough. That relief loses its effectiveness"
Full sentence rewritten.

### E9. "it—our" → "suffering—our"

DOCX: "the root causes of it—our inner delusion"
PDF: "the root causes of suffering—our inner delusion"

### E10. "Buddhism" → "it"

DOCX: "view Buddhism as renouncing the world"
PDF: "view it as pessimistic toward life"

### E11. "transcendence" → "renunciation"

DOCX: "a proactive transcendence upon seeing the true nature"
PDF: "a proactive renunciation upon seeing the true nature"
CN: 主动超越

### E12. Chapter numbering shifts

DOCX uses "1.", "2.", etc. PDF uses "I", "II", etc. The DOCX uses "VIII" for chapter 8 while PDF shifts numbering (chapter 9 = "VIII" in PDF).

### E13. Quote borders shifted

PDF adds quotation marks around several words that DOCX leaves unquoted (e.g. "now", "this", "moment", "pure", "wealth").
PDF adds a comma: "sutra" → "sutra," and "moment" → "moment,".
