revise 人生百问
proofread 佛教徒的人生态度
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# 人生百问 Review Guide — Batched Direct-Edit Pass
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## Goal
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Fix the five feedback categories in one batched patch per chapter:
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1. 漏译 (missing content)
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2. 字对字翻译 (calque / literal translation)
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3. 用词不够简单易懂 (word choice too hard / formal)
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4. 句子连贯性 (sentence coherence / flow)
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5. 导师说话风格 (mentor speaking style — warm, direct, conversational)
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## Workflow (B3 direct-edit mode)
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1. Read the full chapter source + target in one pass.
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2. Collect every issue using the three passes and R1–R14 below.
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3. Batch all fixes into one set of exact-string replacements.
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4. Apply with `patch` (mode='replace').
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5. Verify line counts match the source file.
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6. Do NOT iterate; do not write a review-comments file.
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## Three passes
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### Pass 1: Accuracy and completeness
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- A1 Missing content: compare every paragraph; no skipped or truncated lines.
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- A2 Mistranslation: especially negation, modals, numbers, doctrinal claims.
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- A3 Terminology consistency: same Chinese term → same English term.
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- A4 No additions that change meaning (e.g., avoid inserting "we must" where source is descriptive).
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- A5 Number/time/person scope matches source.
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### Pass 2: Fluency and naturalness
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- F1 Calque / translationese: avoid carrying Chinese grammar/word order into English.
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- F2 Register drift: this is conversational Q&A; keep English warm and direct, not essay-formal.
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- F3 Broken collocation: use idiomatic English verb+noun pairs.
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- F4 Pronoun/reference chains: ensure subjects are clear.
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- F5 Sentence rhythm: split breathless multi-clause sentences; vary sentence openings.
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### Pass 3: Dharma and cultural fitness
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- D1 Buddhist term register: follow the terminology table below; consult the terms DB if unsure.
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- D3 Tone / voice of the teacher: preserve rhetorical questions, direct address, warmth.
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- D4 Implicit meaning: make sure irony, politeness, and implication survive.
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- D5 Formatting fidelity: preserve Djot emphasis (`*...*`), paragraph breaks, and soft-line markers.
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## R1–R14 final checklist
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R1 spelling/punctuation; R2 capitalization; R3 articles; R4 subject-verb agreement;
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R5 tense consistency; R6 voice; R7 prepositions; R8 modifiers; R9 parallelism;
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R10 redundancy; R11 word choice (concrete, simple); R12 varied sentence openings;
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R13 flow/transitions; R14 read aloud for oral delivery.
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## Key terminology — 人生百问
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| Chinese | English | Notes |
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|---|---|---|
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| 三级修学 | Three-Stage Practice | DoT定稿 |
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| 皈依三宝 | take refuge in the Three Jewels | 贸然皈依 → "take refuge lightly" / "without being ready" |
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| 善知识 | wise teacher / great teacher / authentic teacher | Avoid "great wise teacher" redundancy |
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| 大善知识 | great teacher / wise teacher | |
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| 惑业 | delusion and karma | Not "confusion and karma" |
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| 迷惑 | delusion | In Buddhist contexts, not "confusion" |
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| 大自在 | great freedom and ease | Not just "great freedom" |
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| 开启 | awaken / bring forth / unfold | Not "opened up" |
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| 言语道断，心行处灭 | Where words fall silent and mental activity cease | Or "Words fail, and mental activity ceases" |
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| 众生 | sentient beings | |
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| 凡夫心 | mind of an ordinary being | |
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| 加持 | blessing / empowerment | "supports and blesses one another" |
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| 末法 | Dharma-ending age / Age of Dharma Decline | Check terms DB |
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| 暇满 | precious human life / leisure and endowment | |
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| 定课 | daily practice / daily recitation | Context-dependent |
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| 八步骤三种禅修 | Eight Steps and Three Types of Meditation | DoT定稿 |
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| 人生佛教 | Buddhism for Human Life | Distinct from 人间佛教 / Humanistic Buddhism |
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| 人间佛教 | Humanistic Buddhism | Distinct from 人生佛教 |
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| 同喜班 | Tongxi Class | MPI convention |
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| 皈依 / 发心 / 戒律 / 正见 | refuge, aspiration, precepts, right view | Noun forms in lists |
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| 依止 | reliance / rely on | Avoid "reliance relationship" |
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| 报身 | reward body | MPI convention |
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| 化身 | transformation body | MPI convention |
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| 等流果 | result of equal outflow / correlative effect | |
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| 四力 (忏悔) | four powers: remorse, support, restraint, refuge/reliance | |
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| 无缘大慈、同体大悲 | unconditional great compassion and the great sympathy of seeing others as oneself | |
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| 人成即佛成 | When a Human Is Perfected, Buddhahood Is Perfected | |
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| 登地菩萨 | bodhisattva who has attained the grounds | |
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| 明心见性 | clear the mind and see the nature | |
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| 无住生心 | arouse the mind without attachment | |
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| 诸法如实相 | true suchness of all phenomena | |
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| 颠倒梦想 | inverted dreams | |
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| 颠倒妄想 | deluded inversion | |
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| 十二因缘 | Twelve Links of Dependent Origination | |
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| 无我 | no-self / anatman | |
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| 我法二执 | attachment to self and dharmas | |
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| 三性 | three natures: falsely conceived, dependent, perfectly realized | |
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| 末那 | Manas | |
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| 阿赖耶 | Alaya | |
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| 唯识 | Consciousness-Only | |
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| 唯识三十论 | Thirty Verses on Consciousness-Only | |
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| 中观 | Madhyamaka | |
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| 天台 | Tiantai | |
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| 一念三千 | three thousand realms in a single thought | |
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| 三传 | Theravada, Chinese Buddhism, Tibetan Buddhism | |
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| 南传 | Theravada | |
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| 汉传 | Chinese Buddhism | |
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| 藏传 | Tibetan Buddhism | |
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| 佛陀出世的本怀 | Buddha's original purpose in appearing in the world | |
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| 契理契机 | accordant with principle and adapted to the times | |
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| 正本清源 | return to the source and clarify what is truly central | |
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| 随缘 | responding to conditions / in harmony with conditions | Context-dependent |
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| 随喜 | rejoice | |
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| 闻思修 | hearing, contemplating, cultivating | 修 is broad cultivation, not just meditation |
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| 修学 | practice and study / cultivation and learning | Do not drop the "study" dimension |
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| 传帮带 | transmit, help, guide | Three-part mentoring |
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| 分灯 | lamp-dividing | Decentralization of authority |
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| 自觉 | self-awareness / voluntary commitment | First of the "Three Spirits" |
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| 法治 | rule-based governance | Second of the "Three Spirits" |
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| 无我利他 | selfless service to others | Third of the "Three Spirits" |
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| 重要感、优越感、主宰欲 | sense of importance, superiority, desire to control | |
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## Style guidance — conversational Q&A
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- Use contractions where natural ("don't", "can't", "it's") when the Chinese feels spoken.
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- Prefer plain verbs: "rush about" not "bustle about"; "use reason well" not "use reason skillfully".
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- Avoid top-heavy sentences; move the main clause forward.
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- Split breathless sentences at natural breaks.
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- Preserve the speaker's warmth and direct address.
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- Don't flatten rhetorical questions into essay statements.
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- Keep Buddhist register but accessible: prefer standard English Buddhist idiom over literal calque.
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## What NOT to do
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- Do not add parenthetical explanations not in the source.
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- Do not change the meaning by inserting "must" for 应当/倡导 unless source has 必须/务必/一定.
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- Do not invent new renderings for established DB terms.
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- Do not break line counts without adjusting the source file too.
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- Do not write review-comments.dj; this is direct-edit mode.
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## Output
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- Edited `chapters/<chapter>-target.dj`.
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- If line counts drift, adjust both `chapters/<chapter>.dj` and `chapters/<chapter>-target.dj` together and report it.
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- Final report: list of changes made (concise), any line-count adjustments, and any unresolved terminology questions.
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