revise 人生百问
proofread 佛教徒的人生态度
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# English Section Corrections (PDF pages 101–247)
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> **Note on page numbers:** The PDF physical page numbers below are the ones passed to `pdftotext -f N -l N -layout`. The printed footer page labels are shown in parentheses when they differ from the physical page numbers (English section labels run 97–243; the body content runs label 101–243, which corresponds to physical pages 105–247). Issues are sorted by physical page.
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---
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## Critical
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*None found in the English section.*
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---
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## Major
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1. **PDF page 122 (footer 118)** — Section III, chapter 3, paragraph 2
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- **Original:** “This spirit exemplified by Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva, who ‘responds to every prayer and serves as a guiding vessel in the sea of suffering.’”
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- **Suggested correction:** “This spirit **is** exemplified by Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva, who ‘responds to every prayer and serves as a guiding vessel in the sea of suffering.’”
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- **Type:** grammar
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- **Priority:** Major
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- **Notes:** Missing finite verb; the sentence is a fragment.
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2. **PDF page 155 (footer 151)** — Section III, chapter 2, paragraph 3
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- **Original:** “The more we acquire, the stronger **their** fear of losing it becomes.”
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- **Suggested correction:** “The more we acquire, the stronger **our** fear of losing it becomes.”
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- **Type:** grammar
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- **Priority:** Major
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- **Notes:** Pronoun shift; the subject has been “we.”
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3. **PDF page 162 (footer 158)** — Section III, chapter 2, paragraph 3
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- **Original:** “Similarly, our demands for better housing have grown rapidly, even in developing economies such as China, real estate development remains unchecked.”
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- **Suggested correction:** “Similarly, our demands for better housing have grown rapidly. **Even in** developing economies such as China, real estate development remains unchecked.” (or insert “and” before “real estate development”)
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- **Type:** grammar
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- **Priority:** Major
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- **Notes:** Run-on / comma splice; the second clause is not subordinate.
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4. **PDF page 170 (footer 166)** — Section IV, chapter 1, paragraph 2
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- **Original:** “nirvana has two aspects—‘complete nirvana’ and ‘incomplete nirvana.’”
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- **Suggested correction:** “nirvana has two aspects—**nirvana with remainder** and **nirvana without remainder**.” (alternative: “non-final nirvana” and “final nirvana”)
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- **Type:** terminology
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- **Priority:** Major
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- **Notes:** The standard English rendering of 有余涅槃 / 无余涅槃 is “nirvana with/without remainder.” “Complete/incomplete” is not the established terminology and may mislead readers.
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5. **PDF page 173 (footer 169)** — Section IV, chapter 2, subsection 1
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- **Original:** “the heavenly beings are only **absorded** in pleasures”
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- **Suggested correction:** “the heavenly beings are only **absorbed** in pleasures”
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- **Type:** content/spelling
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- **Priority:** Major
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- **Notes:** Verified with `pdftotext -f 173 -l 173 -layout`.
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6. **PDF page 177 (footer 173)** — Section IV, chapter 3, subsection 3
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- **Original:** “Master Taixu (1890–1947) advocated **‘Buddhism of Human Life,’** emphasizing that ‘Dharma is the great wisdom of life.’”
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- **Suggested correction:** “Master Taixu (1890–1947) advocated **‘Buddhism for Human Life,’** emphasizing that ‘Dharma is the great wisdom of life.’” (also change the occurrence **“Buddhism of Human Life aims to interpret …”** on the following page, PDF page 178 / footer 174)
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- **Type:** terminology
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- **Priority:** Major
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- **Notes:** Per MPI terminology guidance, 人生佛教 = “Buddhism for Human Life”; do not conflate with 人间佛教 (“Humanistic Buddhism”).
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7. **PDF page 189 (footer 185)** — Section V, introduction
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- **Original:** “They believe that monastics leave their families to live a life of ease, and say that they neglect their parents’ kindness, fail to fulfill family responsibilities, and show no care **about** the suffering of the world.”
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- **Suggested correction:** “…show no care **for** the suffering of the world.”
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- **Type:** grammar
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- **Priority:** Major
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- **Notes:** “Care for” is the standard collocation when the object is people/suffering.
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8. **PDF page 198 (footer 194)** — Section V, chapter 3, subsection 2
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- **Original:** “This is why they are sometimes called ‘self-deliverers,’ as if they care only about their own liberation and ignore the world’s suffering.”
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- **Suggested correction:** “This is why they are sometimes called **‘self-liberators’** (or **‘those who seek their own liberation’**), as if they care only about their own liberation and ignore the world’s suffering.”
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- **Type:** terminology
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- **Priority:** Major
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- **Notes:** “Self-deliverers” is not standard English Buddhist terminology; “self-liberators” is the usual rendering for 自了汉 / 自度者.
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9. **PDF page 209 (footer 205)** — Section VI, chapter 1, paragraph 1
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- **Original:** “Our attitudes toward the world **is** commonly known as our worldview.”
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- **Suggested correction:** “Our attitudes toward the world **are** commonly known as our worldview.”
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- **Type:** grammar
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- **Priority:** Major
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- **Notes:** Subject-verb agreement: plural “attitudes” requires plural verb.
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10. **PDF page 218 (footer 214)** — Section VI, chapter 3, paragraph 2
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- **Original:** “Another expression of great loving-kindness and great compassion is **‘unconditional great loving-kindness and compassion of shared unity.’**”
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- **Suggested correction:** “Another expression of great loving-kindness and great compassion is **‘unconditional great compassion and the great sympathy of seeing others as oneself.’**”
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- **Type:** terminology
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- **Priority:** Major
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- **Notes:** The Chinese 无缘大慈、同体大悲 is not well rendered by “compassion of shared unity.” The current phrasing is awkward and may obscure the standard technical meaning.
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11. **PDF page 229 (footer 225)** — Section VII, chapter 3, subsection 1
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- **Original:** “Monastics should cultivate pure and untainted emotions **not only** toward the Three Jewels, their teachers, and fellow practitioners, **and should also** develop compassion for all sentient beings.”
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- **Suggested correction:** “Monastics should cultivate pure and untainted emotions **not only** toward the Three Jewels, their teachers, and fellow practitioners, **but also** develop compassion for all sentient beings.”
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- **Type:** grammar
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- **Priority:** Major
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- **Notes:** “Not only … and …” is not idiomatic; the required correlative is “not only … but also ….”
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12. **PDF page 237 (footer 233)** — Section VIII, chapter 2, subsection 1
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- **Original:** “I often write the phrase ‘adapt to conditions, embody no-self,’ or sometimes **in reversed**, ‘embody no-self, adapt to conditions.’”
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- **Suggested correction:** “…or sometimes **reversed**, ‘embody no-self, adapt to conditions.’” (or “or sometimes **in reverse**”)
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- **Type:** grammar
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- **Priority:** Major
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- **Notes:** “In reversed” is ungrammatical.
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---
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## Minor
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13. **PDF page 105 (footer 101)** — Body opening paragraph
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- **Original:** “L iving in this world, we have our own views on life …”
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- **Suggested correction:** “Living in this world, we have our own views on life …”
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- **Type:** formatting
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- **Priority:** Minor
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- **Notes:** Dropped-cap “L” is followed by excessive spaces, causing the word to appear split. The text should read as a normal dropped capital or be reset so “Living” is one word.
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14. **PDF page 103 (footer 99)** — Table of contents, chapter headings
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- **Original:** “I Passive or Proactive”, “II Pessimism or Optimism”, “III Abstinence or Indulgence”, “IV Focus on Life or on Death”, “V Benefit Oneself or Benefit Others” (etc.)
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- **Suggested correction:** “I. Passive or Proactive”, “II. Pessimism or Optimism”, “III. Abstinence or Indulgence”, “IV. Focus on Life or on Death”, “V. Benefit Oneself or Benefit Others” (etc.)
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- **Type:** formatting
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- **Priority:** Minor
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- **Notes:** Roman numerals in English headings normally take a period.
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15. **PDF page 106 (footer 102)** — Section I, introduction
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- **Original:** “Due to these misconceptions, many people **keep distance** from Buddhism, fearing that embracing the faith would strip away life’s pleasures …”
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- **Suggested correction:** “Due to these misconceptions, many people **keep a distance** from Buddhism …” (or “**keep their distance** from Buddhism”)
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- **Type:** grammar
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- **Priority:** Minor
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- **Notes:** Missing article in the idiom “keep a distance / keep their distance.”
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16. **PDF page 180 (footer 176)** — Section IV, chapter 2, subsection 5
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- **Original:** “Furthermore, the **Sigalovada Sutra** and the Sutra on the Ten Wholesome Ways of Action also reflect Buddhist care for real life.”
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- **Suggested correction:** “Furthermore, the **Sigalovada Sutta** and the Sutra on the Ten Wholesome Ways of Action also reflect Buddhist care for real life.”
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- **Type:** terminology
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- **Priority:** Minor
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- **Notes:** The Pali text is conventionally called the *Sigālovāda Sutta* in English scholarship; “Sutra” is acceptable only when the source Chinese explicitly uses 经, but the standard Western Buddhist term is “Sutta.”
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17. **PDF page 202 (footer 198)** — Section V, chapter 3, subsection 2
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- **Original:** “**The Lamrim** teaches that ‘Self-attachment is the gateway to all decline, while altruism forms the foundation of all merit.’”
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- **Suggested correction:** “**Lamrim** teaches that …” or “**The Lamrim teachings** teach that …”
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- **Type:** terminology/formatting
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- **Priority:** Minor
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- **Notes:** “Lamrim” is a title; “The Lamrim teaches” is slightly awkward. Most English usage treats “Lamrim” as the name of the genre/treatise and writes “The Lamrim says” or “Lamrim says.”
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18. **PDF page 203 (footer 199)** — Section V, chapter 3, subsection 2
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- **Original:** “Without the guidance of wisdom, compassion driven solely by emotion, what we might call blind or excessive compassion, may end up benefiting neither oneself nor others. Therefore, bodhicitta, the aspiration to benefit others, must be rooted in the mind of renunciation, the aspiration to free oneself from samsara. Only with this foundation can we remain detached while helping others, clearly discern causes and conditions, and bring them real benefit. This is because compassion and wisdom are inseparable; we need compassion, but **even more so, wisdom**.”
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- **Suggested correction:** “…we need compassion, but **even more so wisdom**.”
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- **Type:** grammar/punctuation
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- **Priority:** Minor
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- **Notes:** The comma after “so” is unnecessary and disrupts the sentence rhythm.
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19. **PDF page 205 (footer 201)** — Section V, chapter 3, subsection 4
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- **Original:** “Take the parent-child relationship **for example**.”
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- **Suggested correction:** “**Take, for example, the parent-child relationship.**”
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- **Type:** grammar
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- **Priority:** Minor
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- **Notes:** “For example” at the end of the sentence is less idiomatic; fronting it is smoother. This is a stylistic preference, but the current placement is slightly awkward.
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20. **PDF page 216 (footer 212)** — Section VI, chapter 3, paragraph 1
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- **Original:** “For Mahayana Buddhists, it is essential to cultivate not just the mind of renunciation but also **Bodhicitta** …”
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- **Suggested correction:** “…but also **bodhicitta** …”
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- **Type:** formatting
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- **Priority:** Minor
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- **Notes:** Inconsistent capitalization: “bodhicitta” appears lowercase throughout the rest of the text (e.g., PDF pages 113, 123, 195, 335, 354, 452).
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21. **PDF page 238 (footer 234)** — Section VIII, chapter 2, subsection 1
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- **Original:** “It is active, not passive, definite, not ambiguous.”
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- **Suggested correction:** “It is active, not passive**;** definite, not ambiguous.” or “It is **active rather than passive, definite rather than ambiguous**."
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- **Type:** grammar/punctuation
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- **Priority:** Minor
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- **Notes:** The comma splice between the two antithetical pairs reads as a run-on; a semicolon or a rephrased parallel structure is cleaner.
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---
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## Sections with no issues
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- **Section II “Pessimism or Optimism”:** No concrete, verifiable errors found in the English translation (though the section contains some rhetorical expressions that could be polished, none rise to the level of a clear error).
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- **Section IX “Conclusion”:** No concrete, verifiable errors found.
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---
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## Summary
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| Priority | Count |
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| Critical | 0 |
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| Major | 12 |
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| Minor | 9 |
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| **Total** | **21** |
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The most frequent categories are **grammar** (subject-verb agreement, pronouns, parallelism, prepositions) and **terminology** (Buddhist technical terms and proper names). All entries were verified against the PDF using `pdftotext -f N -l N -layout`.
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