skills: rename dharma-translation→translation, delete mpi-project-conventions, move references

- dharma-translation → translation: stripped conventions, kept only technique
- Deleted mpi-project-conventions: all content now in AGENTS.md
- References moved: meditation-translation, markdown-to-djot → translation/
  translation-pitfalls, proofreading-patterns → translation-review/
- Updated AGENTS.md, readme.dj, memory, pdf skill cross-reference
- 7 skills → 6 skills
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---
name: translation
description: Translate Chinese↔English Buddhist/Dharma content — register guidance from Mindfulness Bell corpus, tone, voice, cultural bridging technique.
---
# Translation
Core translation technique for Buddhist/Dharma content. Conventions (djot format,
terms DB query, workflows, output format) are in AGENTS.md.
## Mindfulness Bell Corpus
Register/style patterns in English Buddhist prose.
- Location: `/home/user/meta/www.files/public/The Mindfulness Bell/`
- 6 issues: MB92MB97 (20232026), each ~84116 pages
- Index: `index.yaml` (article titles, authors, pages)
- **Articles**: `~/documents/jingxin-lessons/Mindfulness Bell/articles/MB{92..97}/*.md` — 93 individual markdown files with YAML frontmatter. Read directly with `read_file`.
- Extraction script: `/tmp/extract_mb_articles.py` (re-run if PDFs change)
## Register Reference
Four registers observed, useful as style targets:
| Register | Example | Key features |
|----------|---------|-------------|
| Dharma talk | Thầy (MB94 "Roses and Garbage", MB97 "Go as a River") | Short sentences, concrete images, coined terms ("interbeing"), oral address ("It's clear?"), Sanskrit kept with narrative explanation |
| Teaching lineage | Sister Đoan Nghiêm (MB93 "Our Patriarch Liễu Quán") | "We" voice, terms explained, cultural bridging ("like Jesus"), dates woven into narrative, still oral |
| Personal narrative | Mick McEvoy (MB94 "Touching the True Nature") | First-person, confessional, borrowed Dharma vocabulary, emotional directness, vernacular |
| Editorial | Brother Pháp Lưu (MB94 welcome letter) | Polished but warm, conceptual framing, "we" address |
## Translation Principles
1. **Terms**: Either keep Sanskrit w/ narrative explanation (bodhisattva, Māra) OR coin new English (interbeing, inter-are). Avoid clunky calques.
2. **Cultural bridging**: Add bridges for Western readers. A Chinese text mentioning 孔子 can stay; explain the function. Đoan Nghiêm's "like Jesus" is the pattern.
3. **Tone**: Chinese Dharma texts are typically more formal than English equivalents. Decide consciously: keep formality or warm up (Thầy style).
4. **Voice**: Direct address ("you"), concrete images, and oral rhythm make Dharma land in English. Abstract noun chains (common in Chinese→English translationese) kill it.
5. **Sutra quotes**: Use standard English Buddhist idiom. Check terse-idiom conventions (e.g., Diamond Sutra "lives" not "bodies").
For register decisions: consult the register table above (scanning MB articles is optional).
## Quick-Find in MB Corpus
Common article types to search for register examples:
- Thầy's Dharma talks: search index for "Thích Nhất Hạnh" + page ≤ 10
- Sister/brother teachings: search for "Sister" or "Brother" + "DHARMA TEACHING"
- Personal narratives: first-person voice, often pages 860
- Lineage/history: "Patriarch," "ancestor," dates in text
## Meditation / Mindfulness Content
When translating guided meditation scripts, exercise guides, or posture instructions
(rather than Dharma talks), use a lighter workflow. See `references/meditation-translation.md`.
## References
- `references/meditation-translation.md` — lighter workflow for meditation/mindfulness content
- `references/markdown-to-djot.md` — converting .docx.md to .dj for translation prep
- `references/diacritics-convention.md` — diacritics rules
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# Diacritics Convention
When in doubt, search the terms DB and use the highest-priority source's form.
| Rule | Examples |
|---|---|
| No diacritics (default) | `Mahasthamaprapta` (佛教术语), `Yogacarabhumi-Sastra` (经论名), `Guanyin` (佛教术语), `Pabongkhapa` (nti) |
| With diacritics | `Kṣitigarbha` (DoT定稿 uses this form) |
| Sanskrit terms | Keep standard romanization: `bodhicitta`, `bardo`, `Amitabha`, `prajñā` |
The DB uses simplified romanization. DoT定稿 is the authority — if it uses diacritics for a term, follow it. Otherwise strip them.
Pitfall: academic/pedantic diacritics (`Mahāsthāmaprāpta`, `Yogācārabhūmi Śāstra`, `Avalokiteśvara`) are common in general knowledge but wrong per MPI conventions.
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# Markdown to Djot Conversion
When source material arrives as `.docx.md` (pandoc-converted from docx), convert to `.dj` for translation workflows.
## Splitting combined articles
If a single markdown file contains multiple articles (common when docx has two talks in one file), split at the article boundary before converting. Use `sed` by line number:
```bash
sed -n '1,218p' combined.md > a1.md
sed -n '220,282p' combined.md > a2.md
```
## Heading anchor cleanup
Pandoc's docx→md conversion adds `{#heading-id}` anchors to every heading:
```markdown
## 1.安宁疗护 {#1.安宁疗护}
```
These must be stripped before markdown→djot conversion, otherwise pandoc's djot writer leaves stray `{#...}` lines in the output:
```bash
sed 's/ {#[^}]*}//g' input.md > clean.md
```
## Conversion command
```bash
pandoc clean.md -f markdown -t djot --wrap=none -o output.dj
```
`--wrap=none` prevents reflow of long paragraphs.
## Post-conversion cleanup
Pandoc may still leave stray `{#...}` lines in djot output. Remove them:
```bash
sed -i '/^{#.*}$/d' output.dj
```
## Pandoc artifacts
- Unicode `——` (U+2014 × 2) → `------` in djot (two em dashes, `---` each). This is correct djot syntax.
- Markdown hard line breaks (trailing ` `) → `\\\n` in djot. Preserves original paragraph structure.
- Pandoc normalizes heading IDs (strips `、` and other punctuation). Ignore; the stray-line cleanup handles it.
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# Meditation / Mindfulness Content Translation
When the source is a guided meditation script, exercise guide, posture instruction,
or breathing practice (rather than a Dharma talk, sutra commentary, or teaching text),
use a lighter workflow than the full dharma-translation pipeline.
## Register
Default to warm, direct instructional voice (Thầy-adjacent):
- Second-person address ("you")
- Concrete images, sensory details
- Oral rhythm, short sentences
- Present tense, imperative mood
MB corpus consultation is NOT needed for register — this content type has its own
well-established English conventions (yoga/meditation instructional voice).
## Terms
Terms DB lookup for Buddhist-mindfulness vocabulary is useful but limited to key terms:
- 正念 → mindfulness
- 觉知 → awareness
- 无我 → depends on context: "non-self" for philosophical/Dharma content; "selflessly" for embodied/movement instruction where the sense is no separate controller imposing on the action
- 中道 → Middle Way
- 丹田 → dantian (keep as-is; well-known in meditation/qigong)
Context-sensitive terms:
- 心 (xīn): in meditation/movement contexts it often means "mind/attention" not emotional "heart." 持心 means holding the mind with focused attention, not holding with emotion.
- 念 (niàn): mindfulness/attention/recollection — context between these.
- Buddhist philosophical terms (无我, 空, 缘起) in non-philosophical contexts (movement instruction, body scans) may need practical/concrete translations rather than doctrinal ones.
Skip deep terms alignment unless dense Dharma vocabulary (emptiness, dependent origination,
Buddha-nature, etc.) appears in the text.
## Comparison files
Still create 对照.dj as usual. See comparison file format in this skill.
## Pitfalls
- **Don't add formatting the source doesn't have**: sub-section labels using `【】` in Chinese should become plain `[label]` in English, not `*[label]*` or `**[label]**`. Match the source's formatting level exactly.
- **`**text**` is Markdown, not Djot**: Djot emphasis uses single asterisks (`*text*`). Never use double asterisks in `.dj` files.
- **心 ≠ heart by default**: in meditation/movement contexts, 持心 = holding the mind with attention, not holding with emotion. Translate based on context, not dictionary defaults.